Turbulence makes many people uneasy or downright queasy. And it's given researchers a headache, too. Mathematicians have been trying for a century or more to understand the turbulence that arises when ...

Air–sea interaction and turbulent boundary layers lie at the heart of exchanges between the atmosphere and the ocean. This field examines the momentum, heat, and scalar transfers across the air–sea ...

Boundary layer transition and turbulence modelling represent central challenges in fluid dynamics, with profound implications for the design and performance of aerospace, automotive, and energy ...

Since at least the 1920s, scientists have been puzzled by the turbulence that arises when a liquid hits a wall. For instance, what happens when water violently sloshes against the side of a pool or ...

Vortex is a natural fluid phenomenon that is often of great consequence in almost any practical flow, such as shear layers, ...